Presence-absence of plant habitat specialists in 15 patches

Data Records

The data in this sampling event resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 45 records.

1 extension data tables also exist. An extension record supplies extra information about a core record. The number of records in each extension data table is illustrated below.

This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.

Versions

The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.

How to cite

Researchers should cite this work as follows:

Lieungh E, Wollan A K, Stabbetorp O E, Bjureke K (2022): Presence-absence of plant habitat specialists in 15 patches. v1.14. University of Oslo. Dataset/Samplingevent. https://ipt.gbif.no/resource?r=geco-plant-habitat-specialists-15-patches&v=1.14

Rights

Researchers should respect the following rights statement:

The publisher and rights holder of this work is University of Oslo. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.

GBIF Registration

This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: a99cf6c0-4eb2-476b-8414-a513f0925d86.  University of Oslo publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by GBIF Norway.

Keywords

Samplingevent; checklist; vascular plants; specialist species; presence-absence data; calcareous grassland; habitat patch; metapopulation

Contacts

Eva Lieungh

• Metadata Provider ●
• Originator ●
• Point Of Contact

PhD student

Natural History Museum, University of Oslo

NO

eva.lieungh@nhm.uio.no

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4009-944X

Anders Kvalvåg Wollan

• Metadata Provider ●
• Originator

Head Engineer

Natural History Museum, University of Oslo

NO

a.k.wollan@nhm.uio.no

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3947-9402

Odd Egil Stabbetorp

• Metadata Provider ●
• Originator

Senior Research Scientist

Norwegian Institute for Nature Research

NO

odd.stabbetorp@nina.no

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1759-7662

Kristina Bjureke

• Metadata Provider

Assistant professor

Natural History Museum, University of Oslo

NO

kristina.bjureke@nhm.uio.no

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-8593

Olav Skarpaas

• Metadata Provider

Professor

Natural History Museum, University of Oslo

NO

olav.skarpaas@nhm.uio.no

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9727-1672

Siri Lie Olsen

• Metadata Provider

Associate professor

Norwegian University of Life Sciences

NO

siri.lie.olsen@nmbu.no

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-8261

Marianne Evju

• Metadata Provider

Senior Research Scientist

Norwegian Institute for Nature Research

NO

marianne.evju@nina.no

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7338-5376

Kristina Bjureke

• Metadata Provider

Assistand professor

Natural history museum, University of Oslo

NO

kristina.bjureke@nhm.uio.no

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-8593

Vegar Bakkestuen

• Point Of Contact

Senior Research Scientist

Norwegian Institute for Nature Research

NO

vegar.bakkestuen@nina.no

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2573-6615

Rukaya Johaadien

• User

Natural History Museum, University of Oslo

NO

r.s.johaadien@nhm.uio.no

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2857-2276

Geographic Coverage

The species were recorded in 15 polygons of dry, calcareous grassland on Gressholmen island, situated in the inner Oslo fjord. These calcareous grasslands occur naturally fragmented on shallow soils by the Oslo fjord, mainly on exposed and/or grazed Cambrian–Silurian marine sedimentary rock. The climate is relatively warm, with an annual temperature of 5.7 °C (Aune 1993) and annual precipitation of 763 mm (Førland 1993). The area is among the most species-rich in Norway, as this combination of calcareous bedrock and warm summers is rare, and hosts species mostly found further south in Europe. Dry, calcareous grasslands are characterised by drought-tolerant grasses, forbs, shrubs and occasionally trees. Interannual variability plays an important role; intense droughts keep competitive vegetation away from the driest patches. The summer of 2018 was exceptionally dry and hot, visibly impacting the vegetation the following years. Many drought-intolerant plants and young trees died, and some of our habitat specialists came back in full vigour the next season. Though originally defined as naturally tree-less, the borders are transient between naturally tree-less and potentially forested semi-natural habitats kept open by grazing. The habitat patches surveyed also include semi-natural vegetation where dry pine forest could grow. Humans have shaped and impacted the habitats on Gressholmen, probably as long as the Oslo fjord has been settled. Today, the island is artificially connected to two other islands, Heggholmen and Rambergøya. Most of this island trio is protected as nature reserves, but has previously housed a shooting range, Norway’s first main airport, a soap factory with connected houses, and a paint factory. It has likely been grazed by domestic animals while the island was inhabited. From the 1970’s until its eradication in 2007, a large rabbit population occupied the islands and grazed the vegetation heavily. Several summerhouses and a restaurant are still in use, and the islands are a popular destination for day-trips in the summer.

Taxonomic Coverage

The data set encompasses 49 specialist vascular plant species. The list of habitat specialist species was developed based on flora information of habitat requirements and distributional range, expert opinion and field observations from a large number of polygons. More vascular plant species were recorded in the first two years, and are available upon request. Field surveyors used Lid’s Flora (2005) and Mossberg & Stenberg (2012). Species names were checked and updated using the Species Nomenclature Database, along with common names in Norwegian.

Temporal Coverage

Project Data

The PhD project of Eva Lieungh

The personnel involved in the project:

Eva Lieungh

• Author

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4009-944X

Sampling Methods

Field work in 2009 was carried out by KB, OES, and AKW, all experienced botanists. Potential locations of dry, calcareous grassland had been identified by aerial photos and distribution modelling. The locations were then visited by the field work team (KB, OES, and AKW) and either discarded or confirmed and delimited. Polygon coordinate points were recorded using a handheld GPS with an estimated accuracy of 1-10 m. All three in the team looked for species in the same polygon, one being in charge of writing down occurrences. When no new species were found, all three tried to find one more species each before declaring the list complete. Species lists per polygon were noted in a weatherproof notebook. Field work in 2019 and 2020 surveys was carried out by EL alone. Polygons were found using a map with semi-transparent polygons over a recent aerial photo. Species presences were recorded in a spreadsheet on a smartphone with daily backups. Polygons were inventoried by carefully walking back and forth across the polygon to cover the entire area. EL took pictures of each polygon, and of uncertain species using the iNaturalist app.

Method step description:

1. For 2009 and 2019, there is more data available than was described here. These data include all vascular plant species, not just the specialists, and some additional descriptive variables for each polygon.
2. In spite of quality control, some uncertainty remains. Delineating polygons inevitably involves uncertainties, and GPS polygon boundaries were not physically delimited in the field. In addition, changes in patch size may have occurred between 2009 and 2019, due to regrowth or other factors. To a smaller degree this is also an issue between the 2019 and 2020 data. False absences may occur in the data set, which is common in field surveys (Morrison 2016), either from incomplete survey effort, or because the species was not detectable at the time of field work. As flowering phenology varies, early-flowering species (e.g. Veronica arvensis, Draba verna) are especially susceptible to being omitted, even though special care was taken to look for them. Misidentification could also occur, though the availability of previous data and use of trained botanists with expert knowledge of the local flora should minimise this risk.

Bibliographic Citations

1. Lid, J., and D. T. Lid. Norsk Flora. Edited by R. Elven. 7th edition. Oslo, NO: Samlaget, 2005. ISBN: 9788252160291
2. Aune, B. (1993). Temperaturnormaler normalperiode 1961-1990 (No. 02/93; Klima, Vol. 2, pp. 1–63). Norwegian Meteorological Institute.
3. Bakkestuen, V., Stabbetorp, O., Molia, A., & M., E. (2014). Hotspot åpen grunnlendt kalkmark i Oslofjordområdet. Beskrivelse av habitatet og forslag til overvåkingsopplegg fra ARKO-prosjektet [Hotspot open clacareos vegetation on shallow soils in the Oslo fjord. Habitat description and suggested monitoring scheme from the ARKO project] (No. 1102; NINA Rapport, Vol. 1102, p. 46). ISBN: 978-82-426-2722-3
4. Evju, M., Blumentrath, S., Skarpaas, O., Stabbetorp, O. E., & Sverdrup-Thygeson, A. (2015). Plant species occurrence in a fragmented grassland landscape: The importance of species traits. Biodiversity and Conservation, 24, 547–561. DOI 10.1007/s10531-014-0835-y
5. Evju, M., Stange, E., Berger, A. L., Blumentrath, S., Endrestøl, A., Olsen, S. L., Skarpaas, O., Stabbetorp, O. E., Stöckmann, F., & Sverdrup-Thygeson. (2016). Når artenes leveområder splittes opp – eksempler fra øyene i indre Oslofjord. Sluttrapport fra strategisk instituttsatsing (SIS) [When species’ habitats are fragmented – examples from the inner Oslo fjord islands.] 2011-2015 (No. 065; p. 54). Norwegian Institute for Nature Research. ISBN: 978-82-426-2885-5
6. Evju, M., & Sverdrup-Thygeson, A. (2016). Spatial configuration matters: A test of the habitat amount hypothesis for plants in calcareous grasslands. Landscape Ecology, 31(9), 1891–1902. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-016-0405-7
7. Førland, E. J. (1993). Nedbørnormaler normalperiode 1961-1990 (No. 39/93; Klima, pp. 1–63). Norwegian Meteorological Institute.
8. Wollan, A. K., Bakkestuen, V., Bjureke, K., Bratli, H., Endrestøl, A., Stabbetorp, O. E., Sverdrup-Thygeson, A., & Halvorsen, R. (2011). Åpen grunnlendt kalkmark i Oslofjordområdet – et hotspot-habitat. Sluttrapport under ARKO-prosjektets periode II [Dry, calcareous grasslands in the Oslo fjord area—A hotspot habitat. End report for the ARKO project phase II]. NINA-rapport 713. NINA. ISBN: 978-82-426-2300-3
9. Morrison, L. W. (2016). Observer error in vegetation surveys: A review. Journal of Plant Ecology, 9(4), 367–379. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtv077
10. Halvorsen, R., Skarpaas, O., Bryn, A., Bratli, H., Erikstad, L., Simensen, T., & Lieungh, E. (2020). Towards a systematics of ecodiversity: The EcoSyst framework. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 29(11), 1887–1906. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13164
11. iNaturalist. Available from https://www.inaturalist.org. Accessed 22.02.2022.
12. Mossberg, B., & Stenberg, L. (2012). Gyldendals store nordiske flora (2nd ed.). Gyldendal Norsk Forlag. ISBN: 978-82-05-42485-2

Additional Metadata